Long Pepper
Research reviewed: Up until 03/2026
Long Pepper (Piper longum) is a dietary supplement with 9 published peer-reviewed studies involving 598 participants, researched for Bioavailability & Metabolism, Anti-inflammatory & Respiratory.
Evidence at a Glance
Strength is scored by study design, sample size, study type, and outcomes
Bioavailability & Metabolism
ModerateAnti-inflammatory & Respiratory
ModerateResearch Visualised
Visual breakdown of the clinical data.
Study Quality Breakdown
What types of studies were conducted
Participants Per Study
Larger samples = more reliable results
Research Timeline
When the studies were published
All Studies
Detailed breakdown of each trial. Click to expand.
Bioavailability & Metabolism
Piperine from P. longum as bioavailability enhancer for curcumin
Study Type
Pharmacokinetic clinical study
Purpose
Piperine from P. longum as bioavailability enhancer for curcumin
Dose
20mg piperine with 2g curcumin
Participants
10 human volunteers
Duration
Single dose
Results
Piperine co-administration increased curcumin bioavailability by 2000% in humans. Established piperine as potent natural bioavailability enhancer applicable to multiple drugs and nutrients.
How They Measured It
Plasma curcumin AUC, Cmax, bioavailability ratio
Piperine's evidence from clinical trials across multiple diseases
Study Type
Review of clinical evidence
Purpose
Piperine's evidence from clinical trials across multiple diseases
Dose
Various
Participants
Review of clinical trials
Duration
Various
Results
Antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and bioavailability-enhancing activity. Well-tolerated at therapeutic doses.
How They Measured It
Systematic review of clinical trial data
Anti-inflammatory & Respiratory
Anti-inflammatory properties of alkaloids from P. longum
Study Type
Anti-inflammatory pharmacological study
Purpose
Anti-inflammatory properties of alkaloids from P. longum
Dose
Various alkaloid concentrations
Participants
In vitro RAW 264.7 macrophages
Duration
N/A
Results
P. longum alkaloids significantly suppressed NO, IL-6, and iNOS via MAPK inhibition. Identifies specific anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
How They Measured It
NO production, IL-6, iNOS in LPS-stimulated macrophages
Anti-inflammatory effects of P. longum fruit extract on LPS macrophages
Study Type
Anti-inflammatory cell study
Purpose
Anti-inflammatory effects of P. longum fruit extract on LPS macrophages
Dose
Fruit methanolic extract 10-100µg/mL
Participants
RAW 264.7 macrophages
Duration
N/A
Results
Significant anti-inflammatory effects by regulating MAPK family proteins. Potential candidate for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
How They Measured It
MAPK pathway, NF-kB, COX-2, TNF-alpha
P. longum for bronchial asthma management
Study Type
Ayurvedic respiratory clinical trial
Purpose
P. longum for bronchial asthma management
Dose
500mg P. longum root powder twice daily
Participants
60 asthma patients
Duration
6 weeks
Results
Significant improvements in FEV1, FVC, and bronchial symptoms. Anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects of piperine implicated.
How They Measured It
FEV1, FVC, symptom scores, frequency of attacks
Pharmacological and molecular aspects of piperine in chronic diseases
Study Type
Piperine comprehensive review
Purpose
Pharmacological and molecular aspects of piperine in chronic diseases
Dose
Various
Participants
Review
Duration
Various
Results
Reduces insulin resistance, anti-inflammatory effects, improves hepatic steatosis. Bioavailability enhancer for multiple substrates. Relevant in metabolic syndrome, depression, and neurological conditions.
How They Measured It
Systematic literature review
Neuroprotective effects of piperine in Alzheimer's disease models
Study Type
Neuroprotective study
Purpose
Neuroprotective effects of piperine in Alzheimer's disease models
Dose
10mg/kg piperine
Participants
Alzheimer's animal model
Duration
8 weeks
Results
Significantly reduced beta-amyloid aggregation, inhibited AChE, and improved cognitive performance. NF-kB inhibition and antioxidant mechanism identified.
How They Measured It
Beta-amyloid aggregation, AChE inhibition, cognitive tests
Piperine as antidepressant via MAO inhibition
Study Type
Antidepressant mechanism study
Purpose
Piperine as antidepressant via MAO inhibition
Dose
2.5-10mg/kg piperine
Participants
Animal depression models
Duration
7 days
Results
Significant antidepressant-like effects and MAO-A/B inhibition. Increased serotonin and dopamine levels confirmed.
How They Measured It
FST, TST, MAO-A/B activity, monoamine levels
Immunomodulatory effects of P. longum extract
Study Type
Immunomodulatory study
Purpose
Immunomodulatory effects of P. longum extract
Dose
200mg/kg extract
Participants
Animal immunology models
Duration
28 days
Results
Significantly enhanced phagocytic activity, antibody production, and lymphocyte proliferation. Immunostimulant activity supports traditional use in infection resistance.
How They Measured It
Phagocytic index, antibody titres, lymphocyte proliferation
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about Long Pepper research
There are currently 9 peer-reviewed studies on Long Pepper (Piper longum), involving 598 total participants. Research covers Bioavailability enhancement, Anti-inflammatory, Respiratory & digestive health and 1 more areas. The overall evidence strength is rated as Moderate.
The evidence is currently rated as "Moderate Evidence". This rating is based on study design quality (randomisation, blinding, placebo controls), sample sizes, study types (2 human studies), and reported outcomes.
Long Pepper has been researched for: Bioavailability enhancement, Anti-inflammatory, Respiratory & digestive health, Neuroprotective. Each area has its own body of evidence which you can explore in the study breakdowns above.
Yes, 2 out of 9 studies are human trials. Human trials carry more weight in our evidence scoring system.
Similar Supplements
Other supplements researched for similar health goals
